In today’s digital landscape, securing applications is not optional—it is essential. Whether you are building a web platform, mobile app, or enterprise system, protecting user data and controlling access are fundamental requirements.
Two core concepts form the backbone of application security: Authentication and Authorization. Modern systems often implement these using JWT (JSON Web Tokens) and BCrypt to ensure both security and scalability.
🔑 Authentication vs Authorization: What’s the Difference?
Although often used together, these terms serve different purposes:
•⁠  ⁠Authentication answers: “Who are you?”
It verifies the identity of a user (e.g., login with email and password). 
•⁠  ⁠Authorization answers: “What are you allowed to do?”
It determines what resources or actions the user can access after login. 
👉 Example:
A user logs into an e-commerce site (authentication), then is allowed to view orders but not access ad…
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